Pay-as-you-go (PAYG) is an innovative business model where energy service companies sell or lease solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, usually solar home systems (SHS), to customers in exchange for regular payments via mobile money, cash or scratch cards [1]. Due to the range of packages available, customers can choose from starter kits that supply a few lights and charge cell phones, to larger systems that can power TVs, radios, stoves and small fridges [1][2]. In some cases, if a customer cannot make payments, the energy service provider is able to switch off the system remotely, and switch them on again once payment is made [2
Just transition finance offers a transformative opportunity to drive equitable economic growth while addressing the multifaceted challenges of transitioning to a low-carbon future (ILO, 2024). By strategically directing financial resources, it not only fosters job creation in green industries but also supports skill development for displaced workers and encourages the establishment and expansion of sustainable enterprises. These targeted investments empower marginalized communities, particularly those in sectors most vulnerable to climate transitions, by creating pathways to new employment opportunities, opportunities, entrepreneurship, and local economic resilience (European Trading Foundation, 2023).
The impacts of climate change are being felt worldwide, ranging from extreme weather events to long-term challenges. To strengthen urban resilience, sub-national governments can adopt nature-based solutions (NbS). NbS are defined as cost-effective solutions inspired and supported by nature that provide environmental, social and economic benefits and help build resilience.
